preserves the feature that one set of model constants is used to simulate different responses with different initial relative densities and initial stress states.requires only the initial soil relative density (Dr) and initial stresses to match the semi-empirical relation of CRR versus some in situ parameters, such as (N1) 60 or q c1N, when using the default parameters, and.switches all void-ratio related formula, including the elastic modulus, plastic hardening modulus, and critical state, to be relative-density related,.retains the general 3D formulation, considering Lode angle effect, and thus can be used for general 3D boundary value problems,.In addition, the new liquefaction model provides an easier, more practical calibration procedure in terms of in situ data (instead of experimental data), greatly reducing the labor of calibration. By revising some formulas without destroying the conciseness of the original DM04 (Sanisand) model, the improved comparative results between model simulations and lab/field observations are obtained under various initial conditions and loading conditions. Itasca is pleased to introduce the P2P-Sand (Practical Two-Surface Plasticity model for Sands) model, a new practice-friendly 3D liquefaction constitutive model for FLAC3D that is based on the DM04 (Sanisand) model (Dafalias & Manzari, 2004).
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